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Fresh Fruits & Vegetables
The selection in your supermarket’s produce department
continues to expand rapidly as new value-added and exotic
fruits and vegetables become available. Your supermarket maintains
rigid quality assurance and sanitation standards to ensure that
you always receive fresh, wholesome produce. Once you purchase
the food, though, it’s up to you to take care of it. This is
important, especially because of the large number of foodborne
illnesses caused by improper handling of foods in the home.
What is organic Produce
Some states have programs in place to certify that produce
have been raised organically, that is, without the use of synthetically
produced pesticides. Crop rotation, integrated pest management
(using “good” bugs to destroy “bad” bugs), and enriching the
soil with grass or other natural fertilizers are some methods
used to grow crops. The USDA’s Agricultural Marketing Service
is currently developing criteria for a national organic standards
program.
Most cases of food poisoning are caused by pathogenic
(disease causing) microorganisms, parasites or viruses.
However, not all microorganisms cause food poisoning.
Some bacteria, yeasts and molds are used in food production.
Others are food spoilage microorganisms which cause
foods to turn bad.
Bacteria are part of our environment. Where there is
food there may be bacteria. Proper food handling and
cooking are the best ways to prevent foodborne illness.
Consuming raw or undercooked meats, poultry, seafood,
shellfish, or eggs may increase your risk of foodborne
illness, especially for children, the elderly, pregnant
women and those who have chronic illnesses or compromised
immune systems. |
Why are pesticides used?
Pesticides protect crops from destruction and increase yields
by controlling plant diseases, weeds, fungi (mold) and other
pests. When needed, pesticides are normally applied to crops
as a spray, fog or dust. The Environmental Protection Agency
(EPA) regulates the manufac- turing, labeling and use of all
pesticides, and it sets residue limits for the harvested crops.
Imported vs. Domestic
Imported foods must meet the same standards as domestic foods.
Sophisticated testing methods are used to detect very low pesticide
residues levels. Testing indicates that there is no significant
difference between the level of residues found on domestic and
imported foods.
What is "Waxing"?
Some produce items such as apples, citrus fruit, cucumbers,
bell peppers and rutabagas have a thin coating of wax to seal
in moisture. Without this coating — which is a food-grade edible
wax, many fruits and vegetables would shrivel or rot before
reaching the supermarket. It is perfectly safe to consume the
coated peel.
How should you store produce?
- Some vegetables and fruits such as apples, berries, grapes,
broccoli, lettuce and mushrooms — to name a few — need to
be stored in refrigerated cases.
- Other vegetables and fruits — such as avocados, bananas,
dry onions and potatoes — are displayed at room temperature.
- When fruits and vegetables are stored at an inappropriate
temperature, ripening may be slowed or even stopped, and already
ripened produce can deteriorate rapidly.
- DO NOT WASH fruits and vegetables before storing them in
the refrigerator. Moisture can cause them to mold and rot.
- Naturally occurring enzymes trigger chemical changes during
storage which cause vegetables to turn an off color, sprout,
toughen and eventually mold or rot. Cooling vegetables curbs
the enzymes that cause these changes.
- Handle produce gently. Any cut or bruise allows microbes
to multiply and hastens decay.
- To freeze vegetables successfully, you must “blanch” — partially
cook them for a few minutes, either in boiling water or in
a microwave oven — to inactivate spoilage enzymes which can
cause deterioration even after freezing.
- Delicate fruits can be frozen packed in sugar or sugar syrup.
- Raw fruits are safe at room temperature, but after ripening,
they will mold and rot quickly. For best quality, store ripe
fruit in the refrigerator, or prepare for freezing. Cut fruit
should be refrigerated within two hours.
- Some dense raw vegetables such as potatoes and onions can
be stored at cool room temperatures. Refrigerate other raw
vegetables for optimum quality and to prevent rotting. After
cooking , all vegetables must be refrigerated or frozen within
two hours.
Fresh Produce Storage Chart
| PRODUCT |
REFRIGERATED |
FROZEN |
Fruits
|
|
| Apples |
3
weeks |
cooked
8 months |
| Apricots,
peaches, nectarines |
3
to 4 days |
Sliced
, lemon juice & sugar, 2 months |
| Berries,
cherries |
1-
2 days |
4
months |
| Grapes |
1
week |
whole,
1 months |
| Melons |
3
to 4 days |
balls
1 months |
| Papaya,
mango |
1
week |
Don't
freeze |
| Pears,
plums |
3
to 4 days |
Don't
freeze |
Vegetables |
| Asparagus |
3-
4 days |
8
months |
| Beans,
green |
3-
4days |
8
months |
| Carrots |
2
weeks |
10-
12 months |
| Celery |
1-
2 weeks |
10-
12 months |
| Lettuce,
leaf |
3-
7 days |
Don't
freeze |
| Mushrooms |
2-
3 days |
10-
12 months |
| Onions,
dry |
2
months |
10-
12 months |
| Onions,
green |
1-
2 weeks |
10-
12 months |
| Peppers |
4-
5 days |
6-
8 months |
| Spinach |
1-
2 days |
10-
12 months |
| Squash,
summer |
4-
5 days |
10-
12 months |
|
| Tomatoes |
2-
3 days |
2
months |
Please Note: Storage times are from date of purchase.
If products bear a use-by date, observe it.
It is not important if a date expires after food is frozen.
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